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  445. <h1 class="single">
  446. <span><a id="jumper" href="#jumpto" title="Un peu perdu ?">?</a></span>
  447. Python et HTML
  448. <time>Publié le 4 mai 2016</time>
  449. </h1>
  450. <article class="single">
  451. <blockquote>
  452. <p>Python n’est le premier langage de personne…<br />
  453. …mais le second langage de tout le monde.</p>
  454. </blockquote>
  455. <p><em>Je ne sais plus où j’ai lu/entendu cette citation mais je la trouve pertinente :-).</em></p>
  456. <p>En discutant avec <a href="http://la-grange.net/karl/">Karl</a> sur <a href="irc://chat.freenode.net/##openweb">IRC</a>, je me rends compte qu’il y a tout un tas d’outils en Python permettant d’interagir avec HTML. Le plus évident et assez bas niveau est <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org/">requests</a> qui permet de <a href="https://github.com/compjour/search-script-scrape">récupérer des pages</a> (que vous pouvez <a href="https://github.com/reclosedev/requests-cache">cacher</a> et <a href="https://github.com/getsentry/responses">tester</a>) depuis votre code Python avec une API simple. Si vous avez besoin de faire cela depuis la ligne de commande <a href="http://httpie.org">HTTPie</a> (qui est une surcouche de <code>requests</code>) remplace <code>curl</code> ou <code>wget</code> avec brio. Si vous avez besoin de comparer des codes HTTP, il y a <a href="https://github.com/avinassh/status">status</a> mais on tombe dans les dangers de la micro-dépendance.</p>
  457. <p>Pour aller plus loin il y a <a href="http://pyquery.readthedocs.io/">PyQuery</a> qui utilise <code>lxml</code> ou <a href="https://github.com/plainas/tq">tq</a> qui utilise <code>BeautifulSoup</code>. Ce dernier retourne aisément du JSON (comme <a href="http://www.jamapi.xyz/">JamAPI</a>) que vous pourrez analyser avec <a href="https://stedolan.github.io/jq/">jq</a> sans quitter votre shell (utile également pour <a href="https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/apidoc/">documenter une API</a>).</p>
  458. <p>Enfin il y a <a href="http://scrapy.org/">Scrapy</a> si vous avez besoin de récupérer plus de quelques URL manuellement. Je me demande dans quelle mesure <a href="http://pawelmhm.github.io/asyncio/python/aiohttp/2016/04/22/asyncio-aiohttp.html">l’emploi d’asyncio/aiohttp</a> (<a href="/david/cache/44abc2fd416f673b9c6ae0f5147726a9/">cache</a>) permettrait d’aller <a href="https://github.com/orf/cyborg">encore plus vite</a> mais <a href="/david/blog/2015/croquer-liens/">d’après mon expérience</a> le facteur limitant est souvent le temps de réponse du serveur en face…</p>
  459. <p>Pour le contenu d’articles, j’utilise ici <a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/readability-lxml">readability-lxml</a> pour mettre les liens en cache mais j’envisage de passer à <a href="http://newspaper.readthedocs.io/">newspaper</a>, il faudrait que je teste ce que ça donne sur la soupe de tags de Medium (au passage si vous utilisez ce service en espérant un jour pouvoir récupérer vos contenus en HTML réutilisable, essayez aujourd’hui). Pour aller plus loin dans le domaine, il y aurait <a href="https://github.com/ikreymer/pywb">PyWb</a> ou <a href="https://github.com/ecprice/newsdiffs">newsdiffs</a> qui prennent en compte les versions. Explorer aussi <a href="https://github.com/jmcarp/robobrowser">robobrowser</a>.</p>
  460. <p>J’en oublie sûrement car il est difficile de chercher dans ses étoiles Github. N’hésitez pas à m’envoyer les vôtres.</p>
  461. <p>Karl me propose également <a href="http://html5lib.readthedocs.io/">html5lib</a>.</p>
  462. </article>
  463. <figure class="image" property="schema:image">
  464. <img src="/static/david/blog/2016/python-html.jpg" alt="" />
  465. </figure>
  466. <nav id="jumpto">
  467. <p>
  468. <a rel=prev href="/david/blog/2016/dechirance-nationalite/">← Déchirance de nationalité</a> | <a href="/david/blog/" title="Retour à la liste des expériences">↑</a> | <a rel=next href="/david/blog/2016/agile-legacy/">Agile et legacy →</a>
  469. </p>
  470. </nav>
  471. <footer>
  472. <div>
  473. <img src="/static/david/david-larlet-avatar.jpg" loading="lazy" class="avatar" width="200" height="200">
  474. <p>
  475. Bonjour/Hi!
  476. Je suis <a href="/david/" title="Profil public">David&nbsp;Larlet</a>, je vis actuellement à Montréal et j’alimente cet espace depuis 15 ans. <br>
  477. Si tu as apprécié cette lecture, n’hésite pas à poursuivre ton exploration. Par exemple via les <a href="/david/blog/" title="Expériences bienveillantes">réflexions bimestrielles</a>, la <a href="/david/stream/2019/" title="Pensées (dés)articulées">veille hebdomadaire</a> ou en t’abonnant au <a href="/david/log/" title="S’abonner aux publications via RSS">flux RSS</a> (<a href="/david/blog/2019/flux-rss/" title="Tiens c’est quoi un flux RSS ?">so 2005</a>).
  478. </p>
  479. <p>
  480. Je m’intéresse à la place que je peux avoir dans ce monde. En tant qu’humain, en tant que membre d’une famille et en tant qu’associé d’une coopérative. De temps en temps, je fais aussi des <a href="https://github.com/davidbgk" title="Principalement sur Github mais aussi ailleurs">trucs techniques</a>. Et encore plus rarement, <a href="/david/talks/" title="En ce moment je laisse plutôt la place aux autres">j’en parle</a>.
  481. </p>
  482. <p>
  483. Les dernières publications hebdomadaires sont :
  484. </p>
  485. <ul class="with_columns">
  486. <li>
  487. <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/31/">Merci</a>
  488. </li>
  489. <li>
  490. <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/27/">Intemporels</a>
  491. </li>
  492. <li>
  493. <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/24/">Outils</a>
  494. </li>
  495. <li>
  496. <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/17/">Origines</a>
  497. </li>
  498. <li>
  499. <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/10/">Publier</a>
  500. </li>
  501. <li>
  502. <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/03/">En forêt</a>
  503. </li>
  504. <li>
  505. <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/26/">Ecocentric</a>
  506. </li>
  507. <li>
  508. <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/19/">Se livrer</a>
  509. </li>
  510. <li>
  511. <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/12/">Dépendances</a>
  512. </li>
  513. <li>
  514. <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/05/">Positif</a>
  515. </li>
  516. <li>
  517. <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/29/">Dettes</a>
  518. </li>
  519. <li>
  520. <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/22/">Privilèges</a>
  521. </li>
  522. <li>
  523. <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/15/">Discrétion</a>
  524. </li>
  525. <li>
  526. <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/08/">Désespérance</a>
  527. </li>
  528. <li>
  529. <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/01/">Présent</a>
  530. </li>
  531. <li>
  532. <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/24/">Manifester</a>
  533. </li>
  534. <li>
  535. <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/17/">Arpenter</a>
  536. </li>
  537. <li>
  538. <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/10/">Nostalgie</a>
  539. </li>
  540. <li>
  541. <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/03/">Déconstruire</a>
  542. </li>
  543. <li>
  544. <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/27/">Documenter</a>
  545. </li>
  546. <li>
  547. <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/20/">Frustration</a>
  548. </li>
  549. <li>
  550. <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/13/">Holisme</a>
  551. </li>
  552. <li>
  553. <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/06/">1%</a>
  554. </li>
  555. <li>
  556. <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/30/">Exemplarité</a>
  557. </li>
  558. <li>
  559. <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/23/">Timelines</a>
  560. </li>
  561. <li>
  562. <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/16/">Écoute</a>
  563. </li>
  564. <li>
  565. <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/02/">Anxiété</a>
  566. </li>
  567. <li>
  568. <a href="/david/stream/2019/06/21/">À lier</a>
  569. </li>
  570. <li>
  571. <a href="/david/stream/2019/06/14/">Pauvreté</a>
  572. </li>
  573. <li>
  574. <a href="/david/stream/2019/06/07/">Amateur</a>
  575. </li>
  576. <li>
  577. <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/31/">Pollution</a>
  578. </li>
  579. <li>
  580. <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/24/">Apaisement</a>
  581. </li>
  582. <li>
  583. <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/10/">Folie</a>
  584. </li>
  585. <li>
  586. <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/03/">Sympathie</a>
  587. </li>
  588. <li>
  589. <a href="/david/stream/2019/04/12/">Péremption</a>
  590. </li>
  591. <li>
  592. <a href="/david/stream/2019/04/05/">Définitions</a>
  593. </li>
  594. <li>
  595. <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/29/">Acceptation</a>
  596. </li>
  597. <li>
  598. <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/22/">Dissonance</a>
  599. </li>
  600. <li>
  601. <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/15/">Reconnaissance</a>
  602. </li>
  603. <li>
  604. <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/08/">Lecture</a>
  605. </li>
  606. <li>
  607. <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/01/">Journaux</a>
  608. </li>
  609. <li>
  610. <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/22/">Écriture</a>
  611. </li>
  612. <li>
  613. <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/15/">Kyriarchie</a>
  614. </li>
  615. <li>
  616. <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/08/">Mots-serrures</a>
  617. </li>
  618. <li>
  619. <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/01/">Sans voie</a>
  620. </li>
  621. <li>
  622. <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/25/">Auto-diagnostic</a>
  623. </li>
  624. <li>
  625. <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/18/">Agilité</a>
  626. </li>
  627. <li>
  628. <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/11/">Métaphores</a>
  629. </li>
  630. <li>
  631. <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/04/">Balbutiements</a>
  632. </li>
  633. </ul>
  634. <p>
  635. Voici quelques articles choisis :
  636. <a href="/david/blog/2019/faire-equipe/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Faire équipe</a>,
  637. <a href="/david/blog/2018/bivouac-automnal/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Bivouac automnal</a>,
  638. <a href="/david/blog/2018/commodite-effondrement/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Commodité et effondrement</a>,
  639. <a href="/david/blog/2017/donnees-communs/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Des données aux communs</a>,
  640. <a href="/david/blog/2016/accompagner-enfant/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Accompagner un enfant</a>,
  641. <a href="/david/blog/2016/senior-developer/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Senior developer</a>,
  642. <a href="/david/blog/2016/illusion-sociale/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">L’illusion sociale</a>,
  643. <a href="/david/blog/2016/instantane-scopyleft/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Instantané Scopyleft</a>,
  644. <a href="/david/blog/2016/enseigner-web/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Enseigner le Web</a>,
  645. <a href="/david/blog/2016/simplicite-defaut/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Simplicité par défaut</a>,
  646. <a href="/david/blog/2016/minimalisme-esthetique/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Minimalisme et esthétique</a>,
  647. <a href="/david/blog/2014/un-web-omni-present/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Un web omni-présent</a>,
  648. <a href="/david/blog/2014/manifeste-developpeur/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Manifeste de développeur</a>,
  649. <a href="/david/blog/2013/confort-convivialite/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Confort et convivialité</a>,
  650. <a href="/david/blog/2013/testament-numerique/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Testament numérique</a>,
  651. et <a href="/david/blog/" title="Accéder aux archives">bien d’autres…</a>
  652. </p>
  653. <p>
  654. On peut <a href="mailto:david%40larlet.fr" title="Envoyer un courriel">échanger par courriel</a>. Si éventuellement tu souhaites que l’on travaille ensemble, tu devrais commencer par consulter le <a href="http://larlet.com">profil dédié à mon activité professionnelle</a> et/ou contacter directement <a href="http://scopyleft.fr/">scopyleft</a>, la <abbr title="Société coopérative et participative">SCOP</abbr> dont je fais partie depuis six ans. Je recommande au préalable de lire <a href="/david/blog/2018/cout-site/" title="Attention ce qui va suivre peut vous choquer">combien coûte un site</a> et pourquoi je suis plutôt favorable à une <a href="/david/pro/devis/" title="Discutons-en !">non-demande de devis</a>.
  655. </p>
  656. <p>
  657. Je ne traque pas ta navigation mais mon
  658. <abbr title="Alwaysdata, 62 rue Tiquetonne 75002 Paris, +33.184162340">hébergeur</abbr>
  659. conserve des logs d’accès.
  660. </p>
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