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-
- <h1 class="single">
- <span><a id="jumper" href="#jumpto" title="Un peu perdu ?">?</a></span>
- Cours IUT : Frameworks Web
- <time>Publié le 16 février 2015</time>
- </h1>
- <article class="single">
- <blockquote>
- <p>By now, the purpose of web frameworks should be clear: to hide the boilerplate and infrastructural code related to handling <code>HTTP</code> requests and responses. Just <em>how much</em> is hidden depends on the framework. Django and Flask represent two extremes. Django includes something for every situation, almost to its detriment. Flask bills itself as a "micro-framework" and handles the bare minimum of web application functionality, relying on third-party packages to do some of the less common web framework tasks.</p>
- <p>Remember, though, that at the end of the day, Python web frameworks all work the same way: they receive <code>HTTP</code> requests, dispatch code that generates HTML, and creates an <code>HTTP</code> response with that content. In fact, <em>all</em> major server-side frameworks work in this way (excluding JavaScript frameworks). Hopefully, you're now equipped to choose between frameworks as you understand their purpose.</p>
- <p><cite><em><a href="http://www.jeffknupp.com/blog/2014/03/03/what-is-a-web-framework/">What is a Web Framework?</a></em> (<a href="/david/cache/0d60b959f92d466e54c001a78b329e2b/">cache</a>)</cite></p>
- </blockquote>
- <p>Ce cours était une introduction aux frameworks web. Au départ on devait faire du <code>PHP</code> en essayant <a href="http://laravel.com/">Laravel</a> mais quand j’ai vu la complexité qu’il y avait dans ce framework (générer un projet de test c’est 18 Mo ?!) et le manque de documentation j’ai vraiment douté. Du coup on a commencé par (re)voir les bases avec les concepts (<em>routing</em>, <em>controllers</em>, <em>models</em>, <em>ORM</em>, <em>views</em>, <em>templating</em>, <em>middlewares</em>, etc) avant d’opter pour un framework JavaScript : <a href="http://sailsjs.org/">SailsJS</a>. Qui demandait l’installation de <a href="http://nodejs.org/">NodeJS</a> ainsi que ses <em>multiples</em> dépendances. Autant dire qu’en environnement hostile (connexion plus que limitée) il est compliqué d’arriver à la première ligne de code pour tous…</p>
- <p>Une fois les quelques machines coopérantes partagées, on a pu plonger dans le code et essayer de comprendre comment faire des choses simples à partir du gabarit de projet. Or l’exemple proposé ne sert qu’une page statique par défaut ! Il faut parcourir l’énorme arborescence générée pour trouver où placer les fichiers pour les <em>controllers</em> ou les <em>templates</em> ce qui est n’est vraiment pas intuitif pour un débutant qui essaye de comprendre les concepts sous-jacents. SailsJS nous aura au moins permis de discuter de la dualité <em>framework front-end/back-end</em> et de l’importance des données et des URLs en allant même vers du <a href="http://hood.ie/blog/say-hello-to-offline-first.html">offline-first</a> (<a href="/david/cache/32bfd094aa8514985578ea493c6c3aea/">cache</a>). Au final j’aurais mieux fait de partir sur <a href="http://expressjs.com/">ExpressJS</a> ou <a href="http://flask.pocoo.org/">Flask</a>. Cela ne résout pas le problème des dépendances pour autant.</p>
- <p><strong>C’est le moment où j’ai envie d’écrire mon propre framework.</strong> Portable. Copiable. Documenté. Hackable. <em>Simple.</em> Un générateur de sites statiques en somme :-p. L’enseignement est vraiment en train de m’ouvrir les yeux sur la complexité inutile créée par nos métiers. Complexité qui re-crée une pyramide de pouvoir et donc de contrôle. <a href="/david/stream/2015/02/17/">Au même titre que l’énergie</a>.</p>
- </article>
-
- <section>
- <h3>Discussion suite à l’article :</h3>
-
- <article id="comment-1" class="comment">
- <p>Étant moi-même développeur (Javascript, Coffeescript, NodeJS, CouchDB,
- etc.), je comprends tout à fait ce problème de la complexité des frameworks.</p>
- <p>@David : connais-tu <a href="http://hood.ie/intro">Hoodie</a> ? Un framework JS dont
- le but est de permettre au plus grand nombre de développer une
- application web. Leur objectif est de permettre aux designers et aux
- personnes sans grande connaissance en programmation. Quelques mots-clés
- : noBackend, Dreamcode, OfflineFirst, diversité, empowerment,
- décentralisation.</p>
- <p>En attendant que Hoodie soit stable, j’essaye de mon côté de remplacer
- dans mes projets AngularJS par une palette de petites bibliothèques qui
- feraient la même chose.
- Pour l’instant j’ai un moteur de templates (Ractive.js) et plusieurs
- routers à tester (Crossroads.js, Finch.js, etc.).</p>
- <p><cite>Sylvain Duschene, le <a href="#comment-1">2015-02-17 à 11:15:45</a></cite></p>
- </article>
-
- <article id="comment-2" class="comment">
- <blockquote>
- <p>@David : connais-tu <a href="http://hood.ie/intro">Hoodie</a> ?</p>
- </blockquote>
- <p>Oui je suis d’assez près ce qu’ils font, j’apprécie vraiment leur travail et il faut que je trouve le temps de contribuer. Au passage, leur site est génial (notamment <a href="http://hood.ie/contribute/">la page de contribution</a>).</p>
- <p><cite>David Larlet, le <a href="#comment-2">2015-02-24 à 22:17:11</a></cite></p>
- </article>
-
- </section>
-
-
- <figure class="image" property="schema:image">
- <img src="/static/david/blog/2015/cours-iut-frameworks-web.jpg" alt="" />
- </figure>
-
-
-
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- <img src="/static/david/david-larlet-avatar.jpg" loading="lazy" class="avatar" width="200" height="200">
- <p>
- Bonjour/Hi!
- Je suis <a href="/david/" title="Profil public">David Larlet</a>, je vis actuellement à Montréal et j’alimente cet espace depuis 15 ans. <br>
- Si tu as apprécié cette lecture, n’hésite pas à poursuivre ton exploration. Par exemple via les <a href="/david/blog/" title="Expériences bienveillantes">réflexions bimestrielles</a>, la <a href="/david/stream/2019/" title="Pensées (dés)articulées">veille hebdomadaire</a> ou en t’abonnant au <a href="/david/log/" title="S’abonner aux publications via RSS">flux RSS</a> (<a href="/david/blog/2019/flux-rss/" title="Tiens c’est quoi un flux RSS ?">so 2005</a>).
- </p>
- <p>
- Je m’intéresse à la place que je peux avoir dans ce monde. En tant qu’humain, en tant que membre d’une famille et en tant qu’associé d’une coopérative. De temps en temps, je fais aussi des <a href="https://github.com/davidbgk" title="Principalement sur Github mais aussi ailleurs">trucs techniques</a>. Et encore plus rarement, <a href="/david/talks/" title="En ce moment je laisse plutôt la place aux autres">j’en parle</a>.
- </p>
-
- <p>
- Les dernières publications hebdomadaires sont :
- </p>
- <ul class="with_columns">
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/31/">Merci</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/27/">Intemporels</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/24/">Outils</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/17/">Origines</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/10/">Publier</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/12/03/">En forêt</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/26/">Ecocentric</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/19/">Se livrer</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/12/">Dépendances</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/11/05/">Positif</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/29/">Dettes</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/22/">Privilèges</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/15/">Discrétion</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/08/">Désespérance</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/10/01/">Présent</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/24/">Manifester</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/17/">Arpenter</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/10/">Nostalgie</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/09/03/">Déconstruire</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/27/">Documenter</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/20/">Frustration</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/13/">Holisme</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/08/06/">1%</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/30/">Exemplarité</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/23/">Timelines</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/16/">Écoute</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/07/02/">Anxiété</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/06/21/">À lier</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/06/14/">Pauvreté</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/06/07/">Amateur</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/31/">Pollution</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/24/">Apaisement</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/10/">Folie</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/05/03/">Sympathie</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/04/12/">Péremption</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/04/05/">Définitions</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/29/">Acceptation</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/22/">Dissonance</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/15/">Reconnaissance</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/08/">Lecture</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/03/01/">Journaux</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/22/">Écriture</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/15/">Kyriarchie</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/08/">Mots-serrures</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/02/01/">Sans voie</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/25/">Auto-diagnostic</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/18/">Agilité</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/11/">Métaphores</a>
- </li>
-
- <li>
- <a href="/david/stream/2019/01/04/">Balbutiements</a>
- </li>
-
- </ul>
-
- <p>
- Voici quelques articles choisis :
- <a href="/david/blog/2019/faire-equipe/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Faire équipe</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2018/bivouac-automnal/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Bivouac automnal</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2018/commodite-effondrement/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Commodité et effondrement</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2017/donnees-communs/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Des données aux communs</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2016/accompagner-enfant/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Accompagner un enfant</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2016/senior-developer/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Senior developer</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2016/illusion-sociale/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">L’illusion sociale</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2016/instantane-scopyleft/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Instantané Scopyleft</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2016/enseigner-web/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Enseigner le Web</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2016/simplicite-defaut/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Simplicité par défaut</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2016/minimalisme-esthetique/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Minimalisme et esthétique</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2014/un-web-omni-present/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Un web omni-présent</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2014/manifeste-developpeur/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Manifeste de développeur</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2013/confort-convivialite/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Confort et convivialité</a>,
- <a href="/david/blog/2013/testament-numerique/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Testament numérique</a>,
- et <a href="/david/blog/" title="Accéder aux archives">bien d’autres…</a>
- </p>
- <p>
- On peut <a href="mailto:david%40larlet.fr" title="Envoyer un courriel">échanger par courriel</a>. Si éventuellement tu souhaites que l’on travaille ensemble, tu devrais commencer par consulter le <a href="http://larlet.com">profil dédié à mon activité professionnelle</a> et/ou contacter directement <a href="http://scopyleft.fr/">scopyleft</a>, la <abbr title="Société coopérative et participative">SCOP</abbr> dont je fais partie depuis six ans. Je recommande au préalable de lire <a href="/david/blog/2018/cout-site/" title="Attention ce qui va suivre peut vous choquer">combien coûte un site</a> et pourquoi je suis plutôt favorable à une <a href="/david/pro/devis/" title="Discutons-en !">non-demande de devis</a>.
- </p>
- <p>
- Je ne traque pas ta navigation mais mon
- <abbr title="Alwaysdata, 62 rue Tiquetonne 75002 Paris, +33.184162340">hébergeur</abbr>
- conserve des logs d’accès.
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