A place to cache linked articles (think custom and personal wayback machine)
Nevar pievienot vairāk kā 25 tēmas Tēmai ir jāsākas ar burtu vai ciparu, tā var saturēt domu zīmes ('-') un var būt līdz 35 simboliem gara.

index.html 13KB

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185
  1. <!doctype html><!-- This is a valid HTML5 document. -->
  2. <!-- Screen readers, SEO, extensions and so on. -->
  3. <html lang="fr">
  4. <!-- Has to be within the first 1024 bytes, hence before the `title` element
  5. See: https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-html5-20121217/document-metadata.html#charset -->
  6. <meta charset="utf-8">
  7. <!-- Why no `X-UA-Compatible` meta: https://stackoverflow.com/a/6771584 -->
  8. <!-- The viewport meta is quite crowded and we are responsible for that.
  9. See: https://codepen.io/tigt/post/meta-viewport-for-2015 -->
  10. <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
  11. <!-- Required to make a valid HTML5 document. -->
  12. <title>An African view of what’s happening in Europe (archive) — David Larlet</title>
  13. <meta name="description" content="Publication mise en cache pour en conserver une trace.">
  14. <!-- That good ol' feed, subscribe :). -->
  15. <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Feed" href="/david/log/">
  16. <!-- Generated from https://realfavicongenerator.net/ such a mess. -->
  17. <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/static/david/icons2/apple-touch-icon.png">
  18. <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/static/david/icons2/favicon-32x32.png">
  19. <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/static/david/icons2/favicon-16x16.png">
  20. <link rel="manifest" href="/static/david/icons2/site.webmanifest">
  21. <link rel="mask-icon" href="/static/david/icons2/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#07486c">
  22. <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/david/icons2/favicon.ico">
  23. <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#f7f7f7">
  24. <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/static/david/icons2/browserconfig.xml">
  25. <meta name="theme-color" content="#f7f7f7" media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)">
  26. <meta name="theme-color" content="#272727" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)">
  27. <!-- Documented, feel free to shoot an email. -->
  28. <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/david/css/style_2021-01-20.css">
  29. <!-- See https://www.zachleat.com/web/comprehensive-webfonts/ for the trade-off. -->
  30. <link rel="preload" href="/static/david/css/fonts/triplicate_t4_poly_regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" media="(prefers-color-scheme: light), (prefers-color-scheme: no-preference)" crossorigin>
  31. <link rel="preload" href="/static/david/css/fonts/triplicate_t4_poly_bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" media="(prefers-color-scheme: light), (prefers-color-scheme: no-preference)" crossorigin>
  32. <link rel="preload" href="/static/david/css/fonts/triplicate_t4_poly_italic.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" media="(prefers-color-scheme: light), (prefers-color-scheme: no-preference)" crossorigin>
  33. <link rel="preload" href="/static/david/css/fonts/triplicate_t3_regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" crossorigin>
  34. <link rel="preload" href="/static/david/css/fonts/triplicate_t3_bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" crossorigin>
  35. <link rel="preload" href="/static/david/css/fonts/triplicate_t3_italic.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" crossorigin>
  36. <script>
  37. function toggleTheme(themeName) {
  38. document.documentElement.classList.toggle(
  39. 'forced-dark',
  40. themeName === 'dark'
  41. )
  42. document.documentElement.classList.toggle(
  43. 'forced-light',
  44. themeName === 'light'
  45. )
  46. }
  47. const selectedTheme = localStorage.getItem('theme')
  48. if (selectedTheme !== 'undefined') {
  49. toggleTheme(selectedTheme)
  50. }
  51. </script>
  52. <meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow">
  53. <meta content="origin-when-cross-origin" name="referrer">
  54. <!-- Canonical URL for SEO purposes -->
  55. <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/an-african-view-of-whats-happening-in-europe/">
  56. <body class="remarkdown h1-underline h2-underline h3-underline em-underscore hr-center ul-star pre-tick" data-instant-intensity="viewport-all">
  57. <article>
  58. <header>
  59. <h1>An African view of what’s happening in Europe</h1>
  60. </header>
  61. <nav>
  62. <p class="center">
  63. <a href="/david/" title="Aller à l’accueil"><svg class="icon icon-home">
  64. <use xlink:href="/static/david/icons2/symbol-defs-2021-12.svg#icon-home"></use>
  65. </svg> Accueil</a> •
  66. <a href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/an-african-view-of-whats-happening-in-europe/" title="Lien vers le contenu original">Source originale</a>
  67. </p>
  68. </nav>
  69. <hr>
  70. <p>All African countries (apart from Ethiopia and Liberia) were colonised, our homes cut up and shared like cake among European powers at the <a href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001/acref-9780195337709-e-0467">Berlin Conference of 1884–85</a> and in later years. The result? <a href="https://www.jewsandpolesdatabase.org/2019/11/04/verhofstadt-belgian-congo-genocide-vanthemsche/">Some of the bloodiest subjugations in human history</a>. No African country was ever colonised by members of the former USSR.</p>
  71. <p>Instead, <a href="https://www.gov.za/blog/how-cuba-stood-africa">socialist countries including Cuba</a> and the <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2016/2/22/between-east-and-west-the-cold-wars-legacy-in-africa">Soviet Union</a> supported our independence movements, in the face of the brutal attempts by supposedly ‘civilised’ countries to prevent us from winning our freedom. Now we watch, somewhat numbly, as these same Western powers champion themselves as defenders of the freedom of the Ukrainian people.</p>
  72. <p>As NATO members spend millions on military support for Ukraine and <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/02/25/nato-deploy-troops-eastern-flank-ukraine-00011902">increase deployment in eastern Europe</a> to counter Russian aggression, it is time to listen to Africans in Libya, Somalia and Kenya. They will point out the trail of Western <a href="https://ibw21.org/news/violence-has-spiked-in-africa-since-the-military-founded-africom/">violence</a> and give us all insights into the <a href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/why-military-interventions-fail/">limits of military interventions</a> by the US and its European allies.</p>
  73. <h2>The simplistic logic of sanctions</h2>
  74. <p>Just as ordinary Russians will, ordinary Africans have also suffered <a href="http://www.zhrc.org.zw/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Statement-on-the-effects-of-sanctions-on-the-enjoyment-of-human-rights-in-Zimbabwe.pdf">collective punishment under sanctions</a> rained down by the mighty hand of Western governments. Often without popular support for them in Africa – except perhaps in the case of apartheid-era South Africa where they were <a href="https://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/statement-oliver-tambo-meeting-special-committee-against-apartheid-12-january-1982">at the behest of Black South Africans</a>. Even then, the sanctions were lifted well before Black Africans thought it appropriate, prompting <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/28/world/mandela-calls-west-europe-racist-on-sanctions.html">Nelson Mandela to accuse Western Europe of racism</a> and eagerness to realign itself with white power elsewhere.</p>
  75. <p>Yet, we watch even more crippling measures being celebrated in the media as the appropriate reaction to one strongman’s decision. “Cripple Russia’s economy and there will soon be riots in Moscow to overthrow Putin” is a very simplistic logic to apply to people living under an oppressive regime.</p>
  76. <p>I live under President Yoweri Museveni. If the Ugandan economy were to be crippled by sanctions, I would still have no say in whether or not he stays in power. After all, I have no say in the matter now.</p>
  77. <p>This is not an argument for withholding support from the wholly deserving Ukrainian people. It’s a plea to acknowledge these contradictions because they matter. To acknowledge them is to accept that the ever-growing discontent with the Western liberal order is informed and valid, not some knee-jerk reaction.</p>
  78. <p>It is informed by our lived experiences under racism, imperialism, colonialism, aparthied, neo-colonialism and so-called Western military ‘solutions’ – such as the “war on terror” – which invariably exacerbate conflicts and lead to more deaths.</p>
  79. <h2>The nuclear threat: not just Russia</h2>
  80. <p>Africans are as scared as everyone else by what is happening in Ukraine. Nuclear weapons are being used as pawns in a military and political chess game that could end humanity. Yet, we also must disabuse the West of its belief that this nuclear threat is to be blamed on one mad man.</p>
  81. <p>After all, NATO members (under the nuclear sharing programme) make up <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_sharing">more than half</a> of the countries in the world mad enough to make, possess and have access to these weapons. No African country possesses nuclear weapons today (South Africa gave up theirs in 1989 and Libya halted its nuclear weapons programme in 2003).</p>
  82. <p>The United Nations remains our most viable option for ensuring accountability between countries, but even in the UN, countries in the Global North – which pose the biggest threat of mass violence, both militarily and economically – are the ones that wield almost all the power.</p>
  83. <p>Any day should be a good day to call out hegemony. Today, as the “free world” of “civilised nations” face “unprecedented times” – as the media would have it – those who have paid dearly for the unquestioned “rightness of the West” are saying: let’s speak against Western hegemony too.</p>
  84. </article>
  85. <hr>
  86. <footer>
  87. <p>
  88. <a href="/david/" title="Aller à l’accueil"><svg class="icon icon-home">
  89. <use xlink:href="/static/david/icons2/symbol-defs-2021-12.svg#icon-home"></use>
  90. </svg> Accueil</a> •
  91. <a href="/david/log/" title="Accès au flux RSS"><svg class="icon icon-rss2">
  92. <use xlink:href="/static/david/icons2/symbol-defs-2021-12.svg#icon-rss2"></use>
  93. </svg> Suivre</a> •
  94. <a href="http://larlet.com" title="Go to my English profile" data-instant><svg class="icon icon-user-tie">
  95. <use xlink:href="/static/david/icons2/symbol-defs-2021-12.svg#icon-user-tie"></use>
  96. </svg> Pro</a> •
  97. <a href="mailto:david%40larlet.fr" title="Envoyer un courriel"><svg class="icon icon-mail">
  98. <use xlink:href="/static/david/icons2/symbol-defs-2021-12.svg#icon-mail"></use>
  99. </svg> Email</a> •
  100. <abbr class="nowrap" title="Hébergeur : Alwaysdata, 62 rue Tiquetonne 75002 Paris, +33184162340"><svg class="icon icon-hammer2">
  101. <use xlink:href="/static/david/icons2/symbol-defs-2021-12.svg#icon-hammer2"></use>
  102. </svg> Légal</abbr>
  103. </p>
  104. <template id="theme-selector">
  105. <form>
  106. <fieldset>
  107. <legend><svg class="icon icon-brightness-contrast">
  108. <use xlink:href="/static/david/icons2/symbol-defs-2021-12.svg#icon-brightness-contrast"></use>
  109. </svg> Thème</legend>
  110. <label>
  111. <input type="radio" value="auto" name="chosen-color-scheme" checked> Auto
  112. </label>
  113. <label>
  114. <input type="radio" value="dark" name="chosen-color-scheme"> Foncé
  115. </label>
  116. <label>
  117. <input type="radio" value="light" name="chosen-color-scheme"> Clair
  118. </label>
  119. </fieldset>
  120. </form>
  121. </template>
  122. </footer>
  123. <script src="/static/david/js/instantpage-5.1.0.min.js" type="module"></script>
  124. <script>
  125. function loadThemeForm(templateName) {
  126. const themeSelectorTemplate = document.querySelector(templateName)
  127. const form = themeSelectorTemplate.content.firstElementChild
  128. themeSelectorTemplate.replaceWith(form)
  129. form.addEventListener('change', (e) => {
  130. const chosenColorScheme = e.target.value
  131. localStorage.setItem('theme', chosenColorScheme)
  132. toggleTheme(chosenColorScheme)
  133. })
  134. const selectedTheme = localStorage.getItem('theme')
  135. if (selectedTheme && selectedTheme !== 'undefined') {
  136. form.querySelector(`[value="${selectedTheme}"]`).checked = true
  137. }
  138. }
  139. const prefersColorSchemeDark = '(prefers-color-scheme: dark)'
  140. window.addEventListener('load', () => {
  141. let hasDarkRules = false
  142. for (const styleSheet of Array.from(document.styleSheets)) {
  143. let mediaRules = []
  144. for (const cssRule of styleSheet.cssRules) {
  145. if (cssRule.type !== CSSRule.MEDIA_RULE) {
  146. continue
  147. }
  148. // WARNING: Safari does not have/supports `conditionText`.
  149. if (cssRule.conditionText) {
  150. if (cssRule.conditionText !== prefersColorSchemeDark) {
  151. continue
  152. }
  153. } else {
  154. if (cssRule.cssText.startsWith(prefersColorSchemeDark)) {
  155. continue
  156. }
  157. }
  158. mediaRules = mediaRules.concat(Array.from(cssRule.cssRules))
  159. }
  160. // WARNING: do not try to insert a Rule to a styleSheet you are
  161. // currently iterating on, otherwise the browser will be stuck
  162. // in a infinite loop…
  163. for (const mediaRule of mediaRules) {
  164. styleSheet.insertRule(mediaRule.cssText)
  165. hasDarkRules = true
  166. }
  167. }
  168. if (hasDarkRules) {
  169. loadThemeForm('#theme-selector')
  170. }
  171. })
  172. </script>
  173. </body>
  174. </html>