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  437. <h1>
  438. <span><a id="jumper" href="#jumpto" title="Un peu perdu ?">?</a></span>
  439. Datensparsamkeit (archive)
  440. <time>Pour la pérennité des contenus liés. Non-indexé, retrait sur simple email.</time>
  441. </h1>
  442. <section>
  443. <article>
  444. <h3><a href="http://martinfowler.com/bliki/Datensparsamkeit.html">Source originale du contenu</a></h3>
  445. <p>Datensparsamkeit is a German word that's difficult to translate
  446. properly into English. It's an attitude to how we capture and store
  447. data, saying that we should only handle data that we really
  448. need.</p>
  449. <p><img src="http://martinfowler.com/bliki/images/datensparsamkeit/sketch.png"/>
  450. <p>These days there's a lot of hype around the idea of Big Data -
  451. and with it the notion that we should capture and store every bit of
  452. data we can get our hands on. We might not have an immediate use for
  453. the contacts our users store in their address books, but we'll ask
  454. for it anyway in case it comes in useful later. We'll record every
  455. click on our website and squirrel it away in case we want to trawl
  456. it later. We set up our smartphone app to ask for location information so
  457. if we come up with some way to use that data later, we can. After
  458. all, storage is cheap - so why not?</p></p>
  459. <p>The problem with the "capture-it-all" approach is that it raises
  460. serious questions of privacy. Even if we trust ourselves to not
  461. abuse the data we collect, each data store represents a target for
  462. criminals or government surveillance agencies. This issue is
  463. particularly fraught in Germany which has seen successive regimes
  464. where governments have carried out extensive surveillance of their
  465. citizens in order to control them. Germany consequently has strong
  466. data privacy laws. </p>
  467. <p>Datensparsamkeit <a href="#footnote-pronunciation">[1]</a> is a concept from these privacy laws that is an
  468. opposite philosophy to "capture-all-the-things". A translation isn't
  469. straightforward (which is why I've retained the German word) but
  470. loosely you might translate it as something like "data austerity",
  471. "data minimization", "data parsimony", or "data frugality". It means
  472. that you should always ask yourself why you are capturing or storing
  473. data, and look to handle only the minimum amount of data you need
  474. for your purpose.</p>
  475. <p>An example of this is tracking users on your web site to
  476. determine how many unique visitors you have. If the same person
  477. accesses several pages within a few hours, you want to count that as
  478. one visit. If they visit several times a month, you still only want
  479. to count them as a single visitor. One way to do this is to log
  480. IP addresses, you count each IP address as a single person <a href="#footnote-nat">[2]</a>. But an IP address is very revealing, and could be
  481. used for much more than counting vistors. Datensparsamkeit suggests
  482. that you shouldn't store the IP address directly, perhaps instead
  483. you should hash it and only store the hash.</p>
  484. <p>A similar example involving IP addresses is using them to infer
  485. demographic information such as region and country. You can get most
  486. of this information and practice datensparsamkeit by just logging the first
  487. three octets of the IP address.</p>
  488. <p>Datensparsamkeit isn't just about bad people stealing data, it's
  489. also about your relationship with the primary company themselves.
  490. The default attitude at the moment is that any data you generate is
  491. not just freely usable by the capturer but furthermore becomes their
  492. valuable commercial property. Privacy advocates,
  493. including me, think this assumption needs to be changed. Companies
  494. should only capture what they need and the burden of demonstrating
  495. need should fall on them. In addition, of course, they must be
  496. completely transparent about what they capture, what they store, and
  497. who they share their data with. Any breaches of data security must
  498. be immediately publicized (instead of covered up, which is the
  499. current default).</p>
  500. <p>Even if you don't share my views on personal control of our own
  501. data, the risks of security breaches mean that datensparsamkeit is a
  502. wise course of action. If you hold data that you don't need, and
  503. someone steals it and causes damage, shouldn't you be liable for
  504. that damage? Even if there's no legal liability the publicity will
  505. have serious consequences - and thus there is risk for anyone who
  506. doesn't practice datensparsamkeit.</p>
  507. <div class="acknowledgements">
  508. <h2>Acknowledgements</h2>
  509. <a href="http://erik.doernenburg.com/">Erik Dörnenburg</a>
  510. introduced me to Datensparsamkeit. The meme "… all the things"
  511. seems to have been around forever (at least a decade) so I'm glad
  512. Korny Sietsma taught me that <a href="http://hyperboleandahalf.blogspot.com/2010/06/this-is-why-ill-never-be-adult.html">it started in 2010</a>.
  513. </p></div>
  514. <h2>Notes</h2>
  515. <div class = 'footnote-list-item' id = 'footnote-pronunciation'>
  516. <p><span class = 'num'>1: </span>
  517. Here's some <a href = 'http://www.forvo.com/word/datensparsamkeit/'>help on pronunciation</a></p>
  518. </div>
  519. <div class = 'footnote-list-item' id = 'footnote-nat'>
  520. <p><span class = 'num'>2: </span>
  521. I realize that with Network Address Translation, things are
  522. rather more involved than this, but I wanted a simple example.
  523. </p>
  524. </div>
  525. </article>
  526. </section>
  527. <nav id="jumpto">
  528. <p>
  529. <a href="/david/blog/">Accueil du blog</a> |
  530. <a href="http://martinfowler.com/bliki/Datensparsamkeit.html">Source originale</a> |
  531. <a href="/david/stream/2019/">Accueil du flux</a>
  532. </p>
  533. </nav>
  534. <footer>
  535. <div>
  536. <img src="/static/david/david-larlet-avatar.jpg" loading="lazy" class="avatar" width="200" height="200">
  537. <p>
  538. Bonjour/Hi!
  539. Je suis <a href="/david/" title="Profil public">David&nbsp;Larlet</a>, je vis actuellement à Montréal et j’alimente cet espace depuis 15 ans. <br>
  540. Si tu as apprécié cette lecture, n’hésite pas à poursuivre ton exploration. Par exemple via les <a href="/david/blog/" title="Expériences bienveillantes">réflexions bimestrielles</a>, la <a href="/david/stream/2019/" title="Pensées (dés)articulées">veille hebdomadaire</a> ou en t’abonnant au <a href="/david/log/" title="S’abonner aux publications via RSS">flux RSS</a> (<a href="/david/blog/2019/flux-rss/" title="Tiens c’est quoi un flux RSS ?">so 2005</a>).
  541. </p>
  542. <p>
  543. Je m’intéresse à la place que je peux avoir dans ce monde. En tant qu’humain, en tant que membre d’une famille et en tant qu’associé d’une coopérative. De temps en temps, je fais aussi des <a href="https://github.com/davidbgk" title="Principalement sur Github mais aussi ailleurs">trucs techniques</a>. Et encore plus rarement, <a href="/david/talks/" title="En ce moment je laisse plutôt la place aux autres">j’en parle</a>.
  544. </p>
  545. <p>
  546. Voici quelques articles choisis :
  547. <a href="/david/blog/2019/faire-equipe/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Faire équipe</a>,
  548. <a href="/david/blog/2018/bivouac-automnal/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Bivouac automnal</a>,
  549. <a href="/david/blog/2018/commodite-effondrement/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Commodité et effondrement</a>,
  550. <a href="/david/blog/2017/donnees-communs/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Des données aux communs</a>,
  551. <a href="/david/blog/2016/accompagner-enfant/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Accompagner un enfant</a>,
  552. <a href="/david/blog/2016/senior-developer/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Senior developer</a>,
  553. <a href="/david/blog/2016/illusion-sociale/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">L’illusion sociale</a>,
  554. <a href="/david/blog/2016/instantane-scopyleft/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Instantané Scopyleft</a>,
  555. <a href="/david/blog/2016/enseigner-web/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Enseigner le Web</a>,
  556. <a href="/david/blog/2016/simplicite-defaut/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Simplicité par défaut</a>,
  557. <a href="/david/blog/2016/minimalisme-esthetique/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Minimalisme et esthétique</a>,
  558. <a href="/david/blog/2014/un-web-omni-present/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Un web omni-présent</a>,
  559. <a href="/david/blog/2014/manifeste-developpeur/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Manifeste de développeur</a>,
  560. <a href="/david/blog/2013/confort-convivialite/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Confort et convivialité</a>,
  561. <a href="/david/blog/2013/testament-numerique/" title="Accéder à l’article complet">Testament numérique</a>,
  562. et <a href="/david/blog/" title="Accéder aux archives">bien d’autres…</a>
  563. </p>
  564. <p>
  565. On peut <a href="mailto:david%40larlet.fr" title="Envoyer un courriel">échanger par courriel</a>. Si éventuellement tu souhaites que l’on travaille ensemble, tu devrais commencer par consulter le <a href="http://larlet.com">profil dédié à mon activité professionnelle</a> et/ou contacter directement <a href="http://scopyleft.fr/">scopyleft</a>, la <abbr title="Société coopérative et participative">SCOP</abbr> dont je fais partie depuis six ans. Je recommande au préalable de lire <a href="/david/blog/2018/cout-site/" title="Attention ce qui va suivre peut vous choquer">combien coûte un site</a> et pourquoi je suis plutôt favorable à une <a href="/david/pro/devis/" title="Discutons-en !">non-demande de devis</a>.
  566. </p>
  567. <p>
  568. Je ne traque pas ta navigation mais mon
  569. <abbr title="Alwaysdata, 62 rue Tiquetonne 75002 Paris, +33.184162340">hébergeur</abbr>
  570. conserve des logs d’accès.
  571. </p>
  572. </div>
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